Improvement of schizoaffective disorder with endoxifen treatment: a case report
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18203/2319-2003.ijbcp20252589Keywords:
Improvement, Schizoaffective disorder, SymptomatologyAbstract
Schizoaffective disorder shares symptomatology and pathophysiology with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. Studies related to treatment option and their efficacy in schizoaffective disorder are limited; thus, no current consensus treatment guidelines exist. Patients with schizoaffective disorders are treated mainly with combination of antipsychotics and mood stabilizers or antidepressants. Here, the author presents a case of schizoaffective disorders that was successfully treated with endoxifen, which had efficacy issues with amisulpride, quetiapine, and risoperidone and safety issues with clozapine.
Metrics
References
Hegde PR, Nirisha LP, Basavarajappa C, Suhas S, Kumar CN, Benegal V, et al. Schizophrenia spectrum disorders in India: A population-based study. Indian J Psychiatry. 2023;65(12):1223-9. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4103/indianjpsychiatry.indianjpsychiatry_836_23
American Psychiatric Association, DSM-5 Task Force. Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders: DSM-5™. 5th edition. American Psychiatric Publishing, Inc. 2013. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.books.9780890425596
Saxena A, Scaini G, Bavaresco DV, Leite C, Valvassoria SS, Carvalho AF, et al. Role of Protein Kinase C in Bipolar Disorder: A Review of the Current Literature. Mol Neuropsychiatr. 2017;3:108-24. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1159/000480349
Carroll LS, Williams NM, Moskvina V, Russell E, Norton N, Williams HJ, et al. Evidence for rare and common genetic risk variants for schizophrenia at protein kinase C, alpha. Mol Psychiatr. 2009;15(11):1101-11. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/mp.2009.96
Ali SM, Ahmad A, Shahabuddin S, Ahmad MU, Sheikh S, Ahmad I. Endoxifen is a new potent inhibitor of PKC: a potential therapeutic agent for bipolar disorder. Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 2010;20(8):2665-7. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bmcl.2010.02.024
Ahmad A, Sheikh S, Khan MA, Chaturvedi A, Patel P, Patel R, et al. Endoxifen: A new, protein kinase C inhibitor to treat acute and mixed mania associated with bipolar I disorder. Bipolar Disord. 2021;23(6):595-603. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/bdi.13041
Bramness JG, Gundersen OH, Guterstam J, Rognli EB, Konstenius M, Løberg E-M, et al. Amphetamine-induced psychosis - a separate diagnostic entity or primary psychosis triggered in the vulnerable? BMC Psychiatry. 2012;12:221. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-244X-12-221
Schnitzer K, Beckmann D, Freudenreich O. Schizoaffective Disorder: Treatment Considerations. Psychiatr Ann. 2020;50(5):200-4. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3928/00485713-20200409-01
Lintunen J, Taipale H, Tanskanen A, Mittendorfer-Rutz E, Tiihonen J, Lähteenvuo M. Long-Term Real-World Effectiveness of Pharmacotherapies for Schizoaffective Disorder. Schizophr Bull. 2021;47(4):1099-107. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/schbul/sbab004
Rimessi A, Pavan C, Ioannidi E, Nigro F, Morganti C, Brugnoli A, et al. Protein Kinase C β: a New Target Therapy to Prevent the Long-Term Atypical Antipsychotic-Induced Weight Gain. Neuropsychopharmacology. 2017;42(7):1491-501. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/npp.2017.20
Singh H. Endoxifen Response in Schizoaffective Disorder: A Case Series. Int Multispecialty J Health. 2022;8(2):1-5.