Prescribing patterns of antimicrobial usage in ophthalmology out patients department at tertiary care teaching hospital
Keywords:
Prescribing patterns, Ophthalmology, Out-patients, Fixed dose combinationsAbstract
Background: Drug utilization provides prescribing behaviors of prescriber. Rational prescribing of antimicrobial drugs plays a crucial role in reducing the antibiotic resistance. The study aim was to analyze the patterns of antimicrobial prescribed ophthalmology outpatient department (OPD) patients.
Methods: The study was an observational study completed over a period of 6 months, from July 2014 to December 2014. The study was conducted in Department of Ophthalmology, MGM Medical College, and Hospital Navi Mumbai. A questionnaire was specifically designed factoring patients’ demographical profile, diagnosis of disease, drug regimen.
Results: A total 125 prescriptions of patients were analyzed who visited ophthalmology OPD department. Maximum patients belonged to the age group of 41-50 years (27.2%), followed by age group of 31-40 years (25.6%). The proportion of male (59%) patients was more as compared to female patients (41%). Total drug prescribed was 296. Average drug per prescription was 2.36. Among 296 drugs, 144 were antibiotic prescribed. Average antibiotic per prescription was 1.15. Most commonly antibiotic prescribed was moxifloxacin. Most common fixed dose combination (FDC) of antibiotic prescribed was tobramycin plus loteprednol. Among total 125 patients, maximum patients were diagnosed with cataract (25%), followed by meibomitis (12%), conjunctivitis (24%), blephritis (9%), foreign body in eye (12%), psedophakia (10%) and other disease (8%). 96% of antimicrobial were prescribed from essential drug list. The FDC of antimicrobial (40%), fluroquinolone (19%), aminoglycoside (13%), broad spectrum (12%), macrolide (9%), anti-viral (7%) was prescribed. Maximum number of drugs was found in the form eye drops (72%).
Conclusion: The present study found that FDC of antibiotic was prescribed maximum. Most common dosage form of prescribed drug was eye drop. Prescription of drugs by brand name was a matter of concern.
References
Nepalese National Formulary. 1st Edition. Nepal: Kathmandu Nepal Ministry of Health; 1997.
Suman RK, Deshmukh YA, Ray I, Gore VS. Drug utilization studies in glaucoma patients at MGM Medical College and Hospital. Int J Sci Res. 2013;7(2):433-5.
Topno I, Chennama B, Yugandhar B, Balakrishnan S. Antibiotic prescribing pattern in ophthalmology outpatient department in a tertiary care hospital. J Pharmacol Pharmacother. 2012;3(2):190-1.
Suman RK, Ray IM, Mohanty NC, Mukhia RK, Deshmukh YA. Assessment of usage of antibiotic and their pattern of antibiotic sensitivity test among childhood fever. Has been accepted by will be publishing in. Int J Pharm Pharm Sci. 2014;6(7):296-9.
Dutta SB, Beg MA, Mittal S, Gupta M. Prescribing pattern in ophthalmological outpatient department of a tertiary care teaching hospital in Dehradun, Uttarakhand: a pharmaco-epidemiological study. Int J Basic Clin Pharmacol. 2014;3(3):547-52.
Gaynes BI, Fiscella R. Topical nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs for ophthalmic use: a safety review. Drug Saf. 2002;25(4):233-50.
World Health Organization (WHO) International Working Group for Drug Statistics Methodology. WHO Collaborating Centre for Drug Statistics Methodology, WHO Collaborating Centre for Drug Utilization Research and Clinical Pharmacological Services, Introduction to Drug Utilization Research. Oslo, Norway: WHO; 2003.
Mohanty , Mohaptra S. Drug utilization pattern of topical ocular antimicrobials in a tertiary care hospital. Indian J Pharm. 2003;35:399.
