Comparison of the efficacy of sitagliptin with pioglitazone on dexamethasone-induced hepatic steatosis, dyslipidemia, and hyperglycemia in albino rats
Keywords:
Sitagliptin, Pioglitazone, Dexamethasone, Hepatomegaly, Dyslipidemia, HyperglycemiaAbstract
Background: Sitagliptin is a dipeptidyl peptidase type 4 inhibitor. This study was done to assess the insulin-sensitizing effect of sitagliptin on Wistar albino rats by means of surrogate measures.
Methods: There were four groups of six rats each. First group received dexamethasone alone in a dose of 8 mg/kg intraperitoneally for 6 days to induce metabolic changes and considered as dexamethasone control. Second group received sitagliptin 100 mg/kg orally 6 days before dexamethasone and 6 days during dexamethasone administration. Third group received pioglitazone 45 mg/kg orally 6 days before dexamethasone and 6 days during dexamethasone administration. Fourth group did not receive any medication and was considered as normal control. Fasting blood sugar, lipid profile, blood sugar 2 hrs after glucose load (postprandial blood sugar), liver weight, liver volume, and histopathological analysis were done.
Results: The effects of sitagliptin were compared with that of pioglitazone. Dexamethasone caused hepatomegaly, dyslipidemia, and hyperglycemia. Both pioglitazone and sitagliptin significantly reduced hepatomegaly, dyslipidemia, and hyperglycemia (p<0.01). Reduction of blood sugar levels after glucose load was significant with pioglitazone in comparison to sitagliptin (p<0.01).
Conclusions: Sitagliptin has comparable efficacy to pioglitazone in dexamethasone-induced hepatomegaly, dyslipidemia, and fasting hyperglycemia.
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