Effect of carbetocin versus oxytocin in postpartum hemorrhage in vaginal delivery
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18203/2319-2003.ijbcp20261107Keywords:
Postpartum haemorrhage, Vaginal delivery, Carbetocin, OxytocinAbstract
Background: Postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) is excessive bleeding after childbirth, defined as more than 500 ml after a vaginal birth. It can occur within 24 hours (primary PPH) or up to 12 weeks after delivery (secondary PPH). This study aims to observe the effect of carbetocin versus oxytocin in PPH in vaginal delivery.
Methods: A prospective cohort study was conducted for a period of six months April 2024 to October 2024 for a study population postpartum hemorrhage in vaginal delivery.
Results: A comparative analysis was conducted between the carbetocin and oxytocin groups in terms of age and body mass index (BMI). Both groups consisted of 50 participants each, representing 100% of their respective groups. When examining the history of chronic diseases, such as hypertension and diabetes, 20% of participants in the carbetocin group had a history of hypertension, compared to 16% in the oxytocin group. Similarly, 10% of participants in the carbetocin group had a history of diabetes, while 14% in the oxytocin group reported the same condition. Both comparisons showed no statistically significant differences, with p values of 0.524 and 0.631, respectively.
Conclusions: This study found no statistically significant differences in maternal and obstetric characteristics, pregnancy complications, or labor and delivery outcomes between women treated with carbetocin and those treated with oxytocin.
References
Say L, Chou D, Gemmill A, Tunçalp Ö, Moller AB, Daniels J, et al. Global causes of maternal death: a WHO systematic analysis. Lancet Glob Health. 2014;2(6):e323-33.
Hogan MC, Foreman KJ, Naghavi M, Ahn SY, Wang M, Makela SM, et al. Maternal mortality for 181 countries, 1980-2008: a systematic analysis of progress towards Millennium Development Goal 5. Lancet. 2010;375(9726):1609-23.
World Health Organization. Trends in maternal mortality: 2000 to 2017: estimates by WHO, UNICEF, UNFPA, World Bank Group and the United Nations Population Division. 2019. Available at: https://www. who.int/publications/i/item/9789240068759. Accessed on 12 January 2026.
National Health Portal of India. Postpartum haemorrhage. Available at: https://www.nhp.gov. in/disease/gynaecology-and obstetrics/postpartum haemorrhage. Accessed on 12 January 2026.
Sentilhes L, Vayssière C, Deneux-Tharaux C, Aya AG, Bayoumeu F, Bonnet MP, et al. Postpartum hemorrhage: guidelines for clinical practice from the French College of Gynaecologists and Obstetricians (CNGOF): in collaboration with the French Society of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care (SFAR). Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 2016;198:12-21.
Heneghan C, Ward A, Perera R; Self-Monitoring Trialist Collaboration; Bankhead C, Fuller A, et al. Self-monitoring of oral anticoagulation: systematic review and meta-analysis of individual patient data. Lancet. 2012;379(9813):322-34.
Westhoff G, Cotter AM, Tolosa JE. Prophylactic oxytocin for the third stage of labour to prevent postpartum haemorrhage. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2013;(10):CD001808.
Torloni MR, Gomes Freitas C, Kartoglu UH, Gülmezoglu AM, Widmer M. Quality of oxytocin available in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review of the literature. BJOG. 2016;123(13):2076-86.
Malm M, Madsen I, Kjellström J. Development and stability of a heat-stable formulation of carbetocin for the prevention of postpartum haemorrhage for use in low and middle-income countries. J Pept Sci. 2018;24(6):e3082.
Su LL, Chong YS, Samuel M. Carbetocin for preventing postpartum haemorrhage. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2012;(2):CD005457.
Leduc D, Senikas V, Lalonde AB. Active management of the third stage of labour: prevention and treatment of postpartum hemorrhage. J Obstet Gynaecol Can. 2018;40(12):e841-55.
Delorme P, Kayem G, Legardeur H, Roux-Dessarps LA, Girard G, Meunier G, et al. Carbetocin versus oxytocin for the prevention of postpartum hemorrhage in cesarean deliveries: a retrospective study of two consecutive periods. AJP Rep. 2020;10(3):e241-6.
Mavrides E, Allard S, Chandraharan E, Collins P, Green L, Hunt BJ, et al. Prevention and management of postpartum haemorrhage. BJOG. 2017;124:e106-49.
Leduc D, Senikas V, Lalonde AB. Active management of the third stage of labour: prevention and treatment of postpartum hemorrhage. J Obstet Gynaecol Can. 2009;31(10):980-93.
Voon HY, Suharjono HN, Shafie AA, Bujang MA. Carbetocin versus oxytocin for the prevention of postpartum hemorrhage: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials in cesarean deliveries. Taiwan J Obstet Gynecol. 2018;57(3):332-9.
Amornpetchakul P, Lertbunnaphong T, Boriboonhiransarn D, Leetheeragul J, Sirisomboon R, Jiraprasertwong R. Intravenous carbetocin versus intravenous oxytocin for preventing atonic postpartum hemorrhage after normal vaginal delivery in high-risk singleton pregnancies: a triple-blind randomized controlled trial. Arch Gynecol Obstet. 2018;298(2):319-27.
Widmer M, Piaggio G, Nguyen TMH, Osoti A, Owa OO, Misra S, et al. Heat-stable carbetocin versus oxytocin to prevent hemorrhage after vaginal birth. N Engl J Med. 2018;379(8):743-52.
Maged AM, Hassan AM, Shehata NA. Carbetocin versus oxytocin for prevention of postpartum hemorrhage after vaginal delivery in high risk women. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med. 2016;29(4):532-6.
Sheldon WR, Blum J, Vogel JP, Souza JP, Gülmezoglu AM, Winikoff B, et al. Postpartum haemorrhage management, risks, and maternal outcomes: findings from the World Health Organization multicountry survey on maternal and newborn health. BJOG. 2014;121:5-13.
Dyer RA, Butwick AJ, Carvalho B. Oxytocin for labour and caesarean delivery: implications for the anaesthesiologist. Curr Opin Anaesthesiol. 2011;24(3):255-61.
Schramme AR, Pinto CR, Davis J, Whisnant CS, Whitacre MD. Pharmacokinetics of carbetocin, a long-acting oxytocin analogue, following intravenous administration in horses. Equine Vet J. 2008;40(7):658-61.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
