A study on drug utilization, evaluation and monitoring of adverse drug reactions in the cardiology department of a tertiary care hospital

Bachi Tazneem; Mohammed Mateen; Sameer; Shaafia Masood; Zahra Ayman; Nabiha Yazdani

doi:10.18203/2319-2003.ijbcp20252581

Authors

Bachi Tazneem Department of Pharmacy Practice, Deccan School of Pharmacy, Nampally, Hyderabad, India
Mohammed Mateen Department of Pharmacy Practice, Deccan School of Pharmacy, Nampally, Hyderabad, India
Sameer Department of Pharmacy Practice, Deccan School of Pharmacy, Nampally, Hyderabad, India
Shaafia Masood Department of Pharmacy Practice, Deccan School of Pharmacy, Nampally, Hyderabad, India
Zahra Ayman Department of Pharmacy Practice, Deccan School of Pharmacy, Nampally, Hyderabad, India
Nabiha Yazdani Department of Pharmacy Practice, Deccan School of Pharmacy, Nampally, Hyderabad, India

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18203/2319-2003.ijbcp20252581

Keywords:

Drug utilization, Adverse drug reactions, Cardiology, Pharmacovigilance, Naranjo scale, WHO causality, Hartwig severity scale, Patient safety

Abstract

Background: Cardiovascular diseases require complex pharmacotherapy, increasing the risk of Adverse Drug Reactions (ADRs). Monitoring drug utilization and ADRs is essential to enhance patient safety.

Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted over 3 months (April 2025-June 2025) in the Cardiology Department of a tertiary care hospital. Fifty inpatients aged ≥18 years were monitored for ADRs. Causality was assessed using the Naranjo Scale and WHO-UMC criteria; severity was evaluated using the Hartwig Scale.

Results: A total of 50 ADRs were reported, with hematological (36%), gastrointestinal (24%), and cardiovascular (16%) systems most affected. Anticoagulants, antiplatelets, diuretics, RAAS inhibitors, and SGLT2 inhibitors were commonly implicated. Most ADRs were moderate (50%), with 62% categorized as probable. No fatalities occurred; 66% of patients recovered fully.

Conclusions: ADRs are common among cardiology inpatients, with polypharmacy and comorbidities as key risk factors. Regular pharmacovigilance, patient monitoring, and individualized therapy are essential to minimize ADR-related complications.

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