Analyzing gaps in knowledge, attitude, and behavioral practices related to seborrhoeic dermatitis among medical undergraduate students

Abstract

Background: Seborrhoeic dermatitis (SD) is a prevalent, chronic, inflammatory skin condition, primarily affecting areas rich in sebaceous glands, yet awareness of its etiology, management, and associated psychosocial impact remains limited. This study aimed to assess the knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) regarding seborrhoeic dermatitis among undergraduate medical students.

Methods: A cross-sectional observational study was conducted from January to March 2024 at Pt. B. D. Sharma PGIMS, Rohtak, involving 379 medical undergraduates (aged 18–30). Data were collected via a structured, self-administered, expert-validated questionnaire covering general information, knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding SD. Institutional Ethics Committee approval was obtained. Data were analyzed in Excel using descriptive statistics (mean±SD for continuous and percentages for categorical variables).

Results: Among participants, 69.9% had experienced SD, with 48.5% currently affected. Knowledge gaps were evident: only 21.4% identified SD as a chronic inflammatory condition, and 28.5% recognized Malassezia as the cause. While fungal involvement was widely acknowledged, specific understanding was limited. Only 10.9% were satisfied with current treatments, and 48.2% believed oiling was beneficial, despite contrary evidence. Practices such as towel sharing (18.6%) and frequent scalp scratching (63.8%) were common, potentially worsening the condition.

Conclusions: The study identified significant gaps in knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding SD among medical undergraduates. Educational interventions targeting these gaps are necessary to improve awareness, debunk myths, and promote evidence-based management strategies for SD.