A prospective study of prevalence of anti-microbial susceptibility of bacterial isolates in lower respiratory tract infections

Ajaz Husaain; Qursheed Sultana; M. Abdur Rab Ansari

doi:10.18203/2319-2003.ijbcp20212917

Authors

Ajaz Husaain Department of Microbiology, Deccan College of Medical Sciences, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
Qursheed Sultana Department of Microbiology, Deccan College of Medical Sciences, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
M. Abdur Rab Ansari Department of Microbiology, Deccan College of Medical Sciences, Hyderabad, Telangana, India

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18203/2319-2003.ijbcp20212917

Keywords:

Antibiotic susceptibility, Antimicrobial resistance, Sputum, LRTI, Drug sensitivity

Abstract

Background: Lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs) is one of the most common causes of mortality and morbidity across all age groups. In recent years, antibiotic resistance is constantly increasing. Thus, there is a need to monitor the bacteriological profile of pathogenic organisms. The present study aims to identify bacterial pathogens and their antibiotic susceptibility pattern.

Methods: A prospective, observational, single centered study was conducted at tertiary care hospital for a period of 1 year i.e. from March 2016 to March 2017. A total of 733 sputum samples were collected and analyzed in microbiology lab. The samples went subjected to microscopy testing, culture and antibiotic sensitivity using suitable bacteriological methods.

Results: From 733 sputum samples, about 51.34% were males and 48.56% were females. Approximately 49.65% of total samples were growth positive. Klebsiella was found to be the predominant microorganism followed by Methicillin sensitive Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) and streptococcus. The gram-negative bacteria showed highest sensitivity for piperacillin/tazobactam, imipenem and ciprofloxacin. The gram-positive bacteria were found to be more susceptible for vancomycin, teicoplanin and amikacin.

Conclusions: LRTIs are contagious form of disease and can rapidly disseminate among community. The irrational use of antibiotics complicates the management due to the antibiotic resistance. Local trend of antibiotic susceptibility pattern should be known as it helps in increasing the appropriate use of the antibiotics, decreasing the mortality and morbidity and reduces the anti-microbial resistance.

Metrics

Metrics Loading ...

References

Deshpande A. Epidemiology of community acquired pneumonia. JAPI. 2012;60:S6.

Regional situation on health statistics reporting. Health Situation in the SouthEast Asia Region 1994-1997. New Delhi: EHI/WHO-SEARO. 2007.

Gauchan P, Lekhak B, Sherchand JB. The Prevalence of lower respiratory tract infection in adults visiting Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital. J Inst Med. 2006;28(2):10-4.

Gagneja D, Goel N, Aggarwal R, Chaudhary U. Changing trend of antimicrobial resistance among gramnegative bacilli isolated from lower respiratory tract of ICU patients: A 5-year study. Indian J Crit Care Med. 2011;15:164-7.

Tripathi PC, Dhote K. Lower respiratory tract infections: Current etiological trends and antibiogram. J Pharm Biomed Sci. 2014;4:249-55.

Imani R, Rouchi H, Ganji F. Prevalence of antibiotic resistance among bacteria isolates of lower respiratory tract infection in COPD Shahrekord – Iran, 2005. Pak J Med Sc. 2007;23:438-40.

Mahmoud A, Balkhy HH. The prevalence of antimicrobial resistance in clinical isolates from Gulf Corporation Council countries. Antimicrob Resist Infect Contl. 2012;1:26-31.

Panda S, Prema Nandini B, Ramani TV. Lower respiratory tract infection- bacteriological profile and antibiogram pattern. Int J Cur Res Rev. 2012;4:149-55.

Bansal S, Kashyap S, Pal LS, Goel A. Clinical and bacteriological profile of community acquired pneumonia in Shimla, Himachal Pradesh. Indian J Chest Dis Allied Sci. 2004;46(1):17-22.

Barlett JG, Dowell SF, Mandell LA, File TM, Musher DM, Fine MJ. Practice guidelines for the management of community acquired pneumonia in adults. Infectious Diseases Society of America. Clin Infect Dis. 2000;31(2):347-82.

De Roux A, Ewig S, Garcia E, Marcos MA, Mensa J, Lode H, et al. Mixed community acquired pneumonia in Hospitalised patients. Eur Respir J. 2006;27(4):795-800.

Shailaja VV, Pai LA, Mathur DR, Lakshmi V. Prevalence of Bacterial and Fungal Agents Causing Lower Respiratory Tract Infections in Patients with Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection. Indian J Med Microbiol. 2004;22(1):28-33.

Ratna S. Bacteriological Profile and Antibiotic Susceptibility Pattern of Lower Respiratory Tract Infection in A Tertiary Hospital In North-East India. Int J Recent Sci Res. 2017;8(9):20337-40.

Verma D, Kumar P, Saxena N. Bacteriological Profile and Antibiogram Pattern in Lower Respiratory Tract Infection in Kota Region (Raj). Research & Reviews: J Microbiol Virol. 2016;6(2):13-7.

National Nosocomial Infections Surveillance (NNIS) system report, data summary from January 1992-April 2000, issued June 2000. Am J Infect Control. 2000;28(6):429-48.

Goel N, Chaudhary U, Aggrawal R, Bala K. Antibiotic sensitivity pattern of gram negative bacilli isolated from lower respiratory tract of ventilated patients of intensive care unit. Indian J Crit Care Med. 2009;13(3):148-51.

Sarmah N, Sarmah A, Das DK. A Study on the Microbiological Profile of Respiratory Tract Infection (RTI) in Patients Attending Gauhati Medical College & Hospital. Ann Int Med Den Res. 2016;2(5):11-5.

Mishra SK, Kattel HP, Acharya J, Shah NP, Shah AS, Sherch JB, Rijal BP, Pokhrel BM. Recent trend of bacterial aetiology of lower respiratory tract infections in a tertiary care center of Nepal. Int J Infect Microbiol. 2012;1(1):3-8.

Okesola AO, Ige OM. Trends in Bacterial Pathogens of Lower Respiratory Tract Infections. Indian J Chest Dis Allied Sci. 2008;50:269-72.