Evaluation of analgesic activity of aqueous extract of leaves of hibiscus sabdariffa in albino rats
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18203/2319-2003.ijbcp20161544Keywords:
H. sabdariffa Linn, Analgesic, Indomethacin, Albino ratsAbstract
Background: Analgesia and inflammation continues to be an area of great interest for research, probably due to the non-availability of a safer and more effective analgesic and anti-inflammatory agent. This has led to increase in demand for natural products with analgesic and anti-inflammatory activity having fewer side effects. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) such as indomethacin are used in the treatment of inflammation, fever and pain. However, NSAIDs cause gastric damage as a major adverse reaction. In this study, the analgesic and anti-inflammatory activity of aqueous extract H. sabdariffa Linn was studied using hot plate method in albino rats.
Methods: In this study, analgesic activity of H. sabdariffa was studied and compared with standard drug, indomethacin using Hot plate method. Aqueous extract of leaves of H. sabdariffa (200 mg/kg or 400 mg/kg) and indomethacin (25 mg/kg) were used to separate groups of rats and reaction time was measured at 20, 60, 90 minutes and compared with control group.
Results: All the test groups showed significant (P<0.05) analgesic effect in increasing the reaction time in hot plate method during the entire test period of 90 minutes.
Conclusions: H. sabdariffa possesses significant analgesic activity probably due to presence of flavonoids and organic acids like ascorbic acid and citric acid as well as polysaccharides reported to be present in this plant.
References
Fishman S, Ballantyne J, Rathmell JP, Bonica JJ. Bonica's management of pain. 4th ed. Baltimore, MD: Lippincott, Williams and Wilkins; 2010:xxxiii:1661.
Laurence LB, Bruce AC, Björn CK. Goodman and Gilman's The pharmacological basis of therapeutics. 12th ed China: McGraw-Hill Publishers; 2011.
Eisenberg DM, Kessler RC, Foster C. Unconventional medicine in the United States: prevalence, costs and patterns of use. N Eng J Med. 1993;328:246-52.
Rakh MS, Chaudhari SR. Evaluation of CNS depressant activity of Momordica dioica Roxb willd fruit pulp. Int J Pharm Sc. 2010;2(4):124-6.
Dharmasiri JR, Jayakody AC, Galhena G, Liyanage SSP, Ratnasooriya WD. Anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities of mature fresh leaves of Vitex negundo. J Ethnopharmacol. 2003;87:199-206.
Park JH, Son KH, Kim SW, Chang HW, Bae K, Kang SS, Kim HP. Anti-inflammatory activity of Synurus deltoids. Phytother Res. 2004;18:930-3.
Kirtikar KR, Mayor, Basu BD. Indian medicinal plants. Intenational book distributor. 1987;1:335-6.
Perry JM. Medicinal plants of East and Southeast Asia: attributed properties and uses. MIT Press, Cambridge, MA. 1980;334-60.
Mahadevan N, Shivali, Kamboj P. Hibiscus sabdariffa L.-An overview. Natural Product Radiance. 2009;8(1):77-83.
Reanmongkol W, Itharat A. Antipyretic activity of the extracts of Hibiscus sabdariffa calyces L. in experimental animals. Songklanakarin J Sci. Technol. 2007;9:29-38.
Tseng TH, Kao CY, Chu CY, Chou FP, Lin Wu HW, Wang CJ. Protective effects of dried flower extracts of Hibiscus sabdariffa L. against oxidative stress in rat primary hepatocytes. Food Chem. Toxicol. 1997;35:1159-64.
Liu CL, Wang JM, Chu CY. In vivo protective effect of protocatechuic acid on tertbutylhydroperoxide-induced rat hepatotoxicity. Food Chem Toxicol. 2002;40:635-41.
Lin WL, Hsieh YJ, Chou FP, Wang CJ, Cheng MJ, Tseng TH. Hibiscus protocatechuic acid inhibits lipopolysaccharide induced rat hepatic damage. Arch. Toxicol. 2003;77:42-7.
Hosseinzadeh H, Ramezani M, Salmani G. Antinociceptive, anti-inflammatory and acute toxicity effects of Zataria multiflora Boiss extracts in mice and rats. J Ethano pharmacol. 2000;73:379-85.
Prado WA, Tonussi CR, Rego EM, Corrado AP. Antinociception induced by intraperitoneal injection of gentamicin in rats and mice. Pain. 1990;4:365-71.
Gupta M, Mazumder UK, Kumar RS, Gomathi P, Rajeshwar Y, Kakoti BB, et al. Anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antipyretic effects of methanol extract from bauhinia racemosa stem bark in animal models. J Ethnopharmacol. 2005;98:267-73.
Ghosh MN. Fundamentals of experimental pharmacology. 2nd edn. Scientific book agency Calcutta; 144.
Garbor M. The anti-inflammatory action of flavonoids. Budapest, hungary: akademiai kiado. 1972;24.
Parmar NS, Ghosch MN. Current trends in flavanoids research. Ind J Pharmacol. 1980;12:213-8.
Muller BM, Franz G. Chemical structure and biological activity of polysaccharides from Hibiscus sabdariffa. Planta Med. 1992;58(1):60-7.
