Email this article Evaluation of learning and memory effect of atorvastatin and simvastatin in alprazolam induced amnesia in mice
Abstract
Background: The study was undertaken to evaluate the learning and memory effect of lipid lowering drugs atorvastatin and simvastatin in alprazolam induced amnesic mice.
Methods: The study was carried out on albino mice, divided into 4 groups of 6 animals each (either sex, 3-4 months of age, weight 25-30g). Amnesia was induced by administering Alprazolam (2mg/kg for 14 days) in all 4 groups from 1st to 14th day. In addition, group 2, 3 and 4 received Piracetam (400mg/kg), Atorvastatin (5mg/kg) and Simvastatin (5mg/kg) from 8th to 14th day respectively. The learning and memory of the animals was assessed by employing Elevated plus maze (EPM) and Step-down type passive avoidance (SDA) model.
Results: Results were compared among the different groups using one way-ANOVA followed by post hoc Tukey’s test. The measured parameters were compared with standard drug Piracetam. In EPM model Atorvastatin (p<0.049) and Simvastatin (p<0.007) were comparable with standard drug Piracetam, whereas in SDA model only simvastatin group (p<0.001) showed significant result.
Conclusions: In EPM model, both the statins showed significant improvement in learning and memory in alprazolam induced amnesic mice. However further studies are required to support these observations.
Keywords
Full Text:
PDFReferences
Alzheimer’s disease and other dementias. Kasper, Fauci, Hauser, Lango, Jameson. Harrison’s principles of Internal medicine, 19th Edition, volume 2, New Delhi, McGraw-Hill Education; 2015:2598-2608.
Joshi M, Gaonkar K, Mangoankar S, Satarkar S. Pharmacological investigation of Areca catechu for evaluation of learning, memory and behaviour in rats. Int Curr Pharm J. 2012;1(6):128-32.
Hersi M, Irvine B, Gupta P, Gomes J, Birkett N, Krewski D. Risk factors associated with the onset and progression of Alzheimer’s disease: A systematic review of the evidence. J Neurotoxicol. 2017;61:143-87.
Liao JK, Laufs U. Pleiotropic effects of statins. Annu. Rev. Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol. 2005 Feb 10;45:89-118.
Mishra MR, Javed SM, Ahmad S, Mohan L. Effects of atorvastatin and simvastatin on learning and memory in aged Swiss albino mice. Int J Pharm Sci Rev Res. Nov-Dec 2013;23(2)n 61:383-37.
Parle M, Singh N. Reversal of memory deficits by atorvastatin and simvastatin in rats. Yakugaku Zasshi. 2007;127(7):1125-37.
Stuart SA, Robertson JD, Marrion NV, Robinson ESJ. Chronic Pravastatin but not Atorvastatin impairs cognitive function in two rodent models of learning and memory. 2013;8(9);e75467. PLOS ONE. www.plosone.org.
Zhou B, Teramukai S, Fukushima M. Prevention and treatment of dementia or Alzheimer's disease by statins: a meta-analysis. Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders. 2007;23(3):194-201. [PubMed: 17259710]
Orsi A, Sherman O, Woldeselassie Z. Simvastatin-associated memory loss. Pharmacotherapy. 2001;21(6):767-9.
Zamrini E, McGwin G, Roseman JM. Association between statin use and Alzheimer’s disease. Neuroepidemiology. 2004;23(1-2):94-8.
Kulkarni SK. New drug discovery process, Hand Book of Experimental Pharmacology, 3rd Edition, Delhi: Vallabh Prakashan; 2011:19-84.
Vogel HG. Psychotropic and Neurotropic Activity; Drug discovery and evaluation: pharmacological assays, 3rd Edition, Germany; 2007:565-661.
Chatterjee S, Krishnamoorthy P, Ranjan P, Roy A, Chakraborty A, Sabharwal MS, et al. Statins and cognitive function: an updated review. Curr cardiol Rep. 2015 Feb 1;17(2):4.
