Inappropriate prescribing in hospitalized elderly patients
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18203/2319-2003.ijbcp20171077Keywords:
Consequences, Elderly patients, Hospitalization, Inappropriate prescribingAbstract
Inappropriate prescribing (IP) is a major healthcare problem in elderly patients. The risk of this problem increases during hospitalization. This is due to increase morbidity and thus increases the use of medications by the inpatients. This study will clarify the problem of IP for elderly people during hospitalization and will identify the different types of it. It also will highlight some tools that are used to assess the different types of IP and the prevalence of it in elderly patients during hospitalization. Finally, the study will address the consequences of IP in the elderly inpatients and the risks associated with the use of some potentially inappropriate medications (PIMs) in the elderly.
References
Hanlon JT, Schmader KE, Ruby CM, Weinberger M. Suboptimal prescribing in older inpatients and outpatients. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2001;49:200-9.
Gallagher P, Barry P, O'Mahony D. Inappropriate prescribing in the elderly. J Clin Pharm Ther. 2007;32:113-21.
Turnheim K. When drug therapy gets old: Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics in the elderly. Exp Gerontol. 2003;38:843-53.
Onder G, Petrovic M, Tangiisuran B, Meinardi MC, Markito-Notenboom WP, Somers A, et al. Development and validation of a score to assess risk of adverse drug reactions among in-hospital patients 65 years or older: the Geronto Net ADR risk score. Arch Intern Med. 2010;170:1142-8.
Ryan C, O'Mahony D, Kennedy J, Weedle P, Barry P, Gallagher P, et al. Appropriate prescribing in the elderly: An investigation of two screening tools, Beers criteria considering diagnosis and independent of diagnosis and improved prescribing in the elderly tool to identify inappropriate use of medicines in the elderly in primary care in Ireland. J Clin Pharm Ther. 2009;34(4):369-76.
American Geriatric Society. American Geriatric Society updated Beers' criteria for potentially inappropriate medication use in older adults. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2012;60:616-31.
O'Mahony D, O'Sullivan D, Byrne S, O'Connor M, Ryan C. STOPP/START criteria for potentially inappropriate prescribing in older people: version 2. Age and Aging. 2015;44:213-8.
Hajjar ER, Hanlon JT, Sloane RJ, Lindblad CI, Pieper CF, Ruby CM et al. Unnecessary drug use in frail older people at hospital discharge. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2005;53:1518-23.
Christensen K, Doblhammer G, Rau R, Vaupel JW. Ageing populations: The challenges ahead. Lancet. 2009;374:1196-208.
Evans RS, Lloyd JF, Stoddard GJ, Nebeker JR, Samore MH. Risk factors for adverse drug events: A 10-year analysis. Ann Pharmacother. 2005;39(7-8):1161-8.
Merrill CT, Elixhauser A. Hospitalization in the United States, 2002. HCUP Fact (Book No. 6). Rockville (MD): Agency for Health care Research and Quality; 2005.
Simonson W, Feinberg, JL. Medication-related problems in the elderly: Defining the issues and identifying solutions. Drug Aging. 2005;22:559-69.
Elliott RA, Woodward MC, Oborne CA. Quality of prescribing for elderly inpatients at nine hospitals in Victoria, Australia. J Pharm Pract Res. 2003;33:110-5.
Elliot RA. Problems with medication use in the elderly: An Australian perspective. J Pharm Pract Res. 2006;36:58-66.
Crotty M, Rowett D, Spurling L, Giles LC, Phillips PA. Does the addition of a pharmacist transition coordinator improve evidence-based medication management and health outcomes in older adults moving from the hospital to a long-term care facility? Am J Geriatr Pharmacother. 2004;2:257-64.
Spinewine A, Swine C, Dhillon S, Franklin BD, Tulkens PM, Wilmotte L, et al. Appropriateness of use of medicines in elderly inpatients: Qualitative study. BMJ. 2005;331:935.
Fulton MM, Allen ER. Polypharmacy in the elderly: A literature review. J Am Acad Nurse Pract. 2005;17(4):123-32.
Nobili A, Licata G, Salerno F, Pasina L, Tettamanti M, Franchi C, et al. Polypharmacy, length of hospital stay, and in-hospital mortality among elderly patients in internal medicine wards. The REPOSI study. Eur J ClinPharmacol. 2011;67:507-19.
Monane M, Monan S, Semla T. Optimal medication use in elders: Key to successful aging. West J Med. 1997;167:233-7.
Spinewine A, Schmader KE, Barber N, Hughes C, Lapane KL, Swine C, et al. Appropriate prescribing in elderly people: How well can it be measured and optimised? Lancet. 2007;370:173-84.
Oates JA. The science of drug therapy. In: L. L. Brunton (ed.), Goodman and Gilman's. The Pharmacological Basis of Theraputics, 11th ed. New York: McGraw-Hill; 2006:117-136.
Boobis A, Watelet JB, Whomsley R, Strolin Benedetti M, Demoly P, Tipton K. Drug interactions. Drug Metab. Rev. 2009;41:486-527.
Fonseca RB, Secoli SR. Drug used in bone marrow transplantation: A study about combinations of antimicrobial potentially interactives. Rev Esc Enferm USP. 2008;42:706-14.
Delafuente JC. Understanding and preventing drug interactions in elderly patients. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol. 2003;48:133-43.
American Society of Health System Pharmacists. AHFS drug information, 2009. Available at http://www.medscape.com/pharmacists. Accessed August, 2012.
Lindblad CI, Gray SL, Guay DR, Hajjar ER, MacCarthy T, Hanlon JT. Geriatrics. In JT Dipiro, RL Talbert, GC yee, GR Matzke, BG Wells, LM Posey. (eds.), Pharmacotherapy: A pathophysiologic Approach, 6th ed, New York, NY: McGraw-Hill; 2005:103-113.
Bobb A, Gleason K, Husch M, Feinglass J, Yarnold PR, Noskin GA. The epidemiology of prescribing errors: The potential impact of computerized prescriber order entery. Arch Intern Med. 2004;164:785-92.
Long A, Chang P, Li Y, Chiu W. The use of CPOE log for the analysis of physicians' behavior when responding to drug-duplication reminders. Int J Med Inform. 2008;77:499-506.
Roughead EE, Barratt JD, Gilbert AL. Medication-related problems commonly occurring in Australian community setting. Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf. 2004;13:83-7.
Katzung BG. Special aspects of geriatric pharmacology. In: BG Katzung (ed.), Basic and clinical pharmacology, 9th ed, New York: McGraw Hill; 2004:1007-1014.
Rochon PA, Clark JP, Gurwitz JH. Challenges of prescribing low-dose drug therapy for older people. CMAJ. 1999;160:1029-31.
Ruscin M, Linnebur SA. Drug-related problems in the elderly. 2014. Available at http://www.merck manuals.com/…/geriatrics/drug…elderly/dru. Accessed November, 2014.
Gallagher P, O'Mahony D. STOPP (Screening Tool of Older Persons' potentially inappropriate Prescreption): Application to acutely ill elderly patients and comparison with Beers' criteria. Age and Aging. 2008;37:673-9.
Rothberg MB, Pekow PS, Liu F, KorcGrodzicki B, Brennan MJ, Bellantonio S, et al. Potentially inappropriate medication use in hospitalized elders. J Hosp Med. 2008;3:91-102.
Liu CL, Peng LN, Chen YT, Lin MH, Liu LK, Chen LK. Potentially inappropriate prescribing for elderly medical inpatients in Taiwan: A hospital based study. Arch. Gerontol. Geriatr. 2012;55:148-51.
Gallagher P, Lang PO, Cherubini A, Topinková E, Cruz-Jentoft A, Errasquín BM, et al. Prevalence of potentially inappropriate prescribing in an acutely ill population of older patients admitted to six European hospitals. Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 2011;67:1175-88.
Hanlon JT, Artz MB, Pieper CF, Lindblad CI, Sloane RJ, Ruby CM, et al. Inappropriate medication use among frail elderly inpatients. Ann Pharmacother. 2004;38:9-14.
Massoud LK, Al Agha HZ, Taleb MH. Evaluation of inappropriate prescribing to the hospitalized elderly patients in Al Shifa hospital, Gaza, Palestine. Int J Basic Clin Pharmacol. 2016;5:2376-83.
Onder G, Landi F, Cesari M, Gambassi G, Carbonin P, Bernabei R. Inappropriate medication use among hospitalized older adults in Italy: Results from the Italian Group of Pharmacoepidemiology in the elderly. Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 2003;59:157-62.
Frankenthal D, Lerman Y, Kalendaryev E, Lerman Y. Potentially inappropriate prescribing among older residents in a geriatric hospital in Israel. Int J Clin Pharm. 2013;35(5):677-82.
Barry PJ, Gallagher P, Rayan C, O'Mahony D. START (Screening tool to alert doctors to the right treatment)-an evidence-based screening tool to detect prescribing omissions in elderly patients. Age Aging. 2007;36(6):632-8.
Hamilton HJ, Gallagher PF, O'Mahony D. Inappropriate prescribing and adverse drug events in older people. BMC Geriatr. 2009;9:5.
Lazare J. Predicting medication' adverse Effects. Today's Geriatric Medicine. 2015;5:22.
Passarelli MC, Jacob-Filho W, Figueiras A. Adverse drug reactions in an elderly hospitalised population: inappropriate prescription is a leading cause. Drugs Aging. 2005;22:767-77.
