A study of effect of Nigella sativa oil in paracetamol induced hepatotoxicity in albino rats
Keywords:
Hepatotoxicity, Nigella sativa, ParacetamolAbstract
Background: Acetaminophen (paracetamol) toxicity is a common cause of drug‑induced hepatotoxicity in children and adults. Specific treatment of paracetamol induced hepatitis is available in the form of N‑acetylcysteine only. Nigella sativa (NS) is used for the treatment of various ailments. Many studies have shown that NS plant has hepatoprotective potential. Hence, this study study was carried out to explore the prophylactic and therapeutic effect of NSoil against hepatotoxicity induced by paracetamol.
Methods: Hepatotoxicity was induced in rats by paracetamol and it was assessed using biochemical parameters such as serum (Sr.) alanine aminotransferase (ALT), Sr. aspartate aminotransferase (AST), Sr. bilurubin, Sr. alkaline phosphatase, and Sr. total protein. In addition, histopathological score was also assessed. The therapeutic and prophylactic effect of NSoil administration on paracetamol induced hepatotoxicity was investigated by using above mentioned biochemical and histopathological parameters.
Results: Paracetamol administration leads to rise in serum liver enzymes ad fall in Sr. total protein levels. NS oil has heptoprotective effect. NS oil significantly reversed changes in serum levels of AST, ALT, alkaline phophatase, bilurubin, and total protein produced by paracetamol. Furthermore, histopathological changes produced by paracetamol were reversed.
Conclusion: This study demonstrated that NS oil has hepatoprotective effect.NS oiladministration can prevent or reverse the hepatotoxicity induced by paracetamol.
References
Simon JB. Drug induced liver disease. First Principles of Gastroenterology. Chapter 14. Toronto: Medicine Group; 2005: 507 11.
Larrey D. Drug induced hepatitis: Epidemiologic, clinical, diagnostic and physiopathologic aspects in 1995. Rev Med Interne. 1995;16(10):752 8.
Duseja Ajay, Dhiman RK: Drug nduced hepatotoxicity. Drug Bulletin. Oct 2000 Vol. XXIV: 16-34.
Grypioti AD. Liver oxidant stress induced by paracetamol overdose. Internet J Pharmacol. 2006;4(2):p7.
James LP, Mayeux PR, Hinson JA. Acetaminophen induced hepatotoxicity. Drug Metab Dispos. 2003;31(12):1499 506.
Burits M, Bucar F. Antioxidant activity of Nigella sativa essential oil. Phytother Res. 2000;14(5):323 8.
Gilani AH, Aziz N, Khurram IM, Chaudhary KS, Iqbal A. Bronchodilator, spasmolytic and calcium antagonist activities of Nigella sativa seeds (Kalonji): a traditional herbal product with multiple medicinal uses. J Pak Med Assoc. 2001;51(3):115 20.
Ghosheh OA, Houdi AA, Crooks PA. High performance liquid chromatographic analysis of the pharmacologically active quinones and related compounds in the oil of the black seed (Nigella sativa L.). J Pharm Biomed Anal. 1999;19(5):757 62.
Houghton PJ, Zarka R, de las Heras B, Hoult JR. Fixed oil of Nigella sativa and derived thymoquinone inhibit eicosanoid generation in leukocytes and membrane lipid peroxidation. Planta Med. 1995;61(1):33 6.
el Dakhakhny M, Mady NI, Halim MA. Nigella sativa L. oil protects against induced hepatotoxicity and improves serum lipid profile in rats. Arzneimittelforschung. 2000;50(9):832 6.
Ali BH, Blunden G. Pharmacological and toxicological properties of Nigella sativa. Phytother Res. 2003;17(4):299 305.
Nagi MN, Alam K, Badary OA, al Shabanah OA, al Sawaf HA, al Bekairi AM. Thymoquinone protects against carbon tetrachloride hepatotoxicity in mice via an antioxidant mechanism. Biochem Mol Biol Int. 1999;47(1):153 9.
Türkdoğan MK, Ağaoğlu Z, Yener Z, Sekeroğlu R, Akkan HA, Avci ME. The role of antioxidant vitamins (C and E), selenium and Nigella sativa in the prevention of liver fibrosis and cirrhosis in rabbits: new hopes. Dtsch Tierarztl Wochenschr. 2001;108(2):71 3.
Mahmoud MR, El Abhar HS, Saleh S. The effect of Nigella sativa oil against the liver damage induced by Schistosoma mansoni infection in mice. J Ethnopharmacol. 2002;79(1):1 11.
El Dakhakhny M, Barakat M, El Halim MA, Aly SM. Effects of Nigella sativa oil on gastric secretion and ethanol induced ulcer in rats. J Ethnopharmacol. 2000;72(1):299 304.
Mehrotra R, Nath P, Chaturvedi R, Pandey RK. Experimental study on paracetamol induced hepatotoxicity. Indian J Med Res. 1982;76:479 87.
Kanter M, Meral I, Dede S, Gunduz H, Cemek M, Ozbek H, et al. Effects of Nigella sativa L. and Urtica dioica L. on lipid peroxidation, antioxidant enzyme systems and some liver enzymes in CCl4 treated rats. J Vet Med A Physiol Pathol Clin Med. 2003;50(5):264 8.
Davidson CS. Guidelines for Detection of Hepatotoxicity Due to Drugs and Chemicals. USA: NIH Publication, U.S. Department of Health and Education and Welfare NIH; 1979.
Sherlock S, Dooley J, editors. Drugs and liver. In: Diseases of Liver and Biliary System. 9th Edition. Oxford: Blackwell Scientific Publication; 1993: 322 56.
Machmudah S, Shiramizua Y, Gotoa M, Sasakia M, Hirosea T. Extraction of Nigella sativa L. using supercritical CO2: A study of antioxidant activity of the extract. Sep Sci Tecnol. 2005;40(6):1267 75.
Nagi MN, Mansour MA. Protective effect of thymoquinone against doxorubicin induced cardiotoxicity in rats: a possible mechanism of protection. Pharmacol Res. 2000;41(3):283 9.
Badary OA, Nagi MN, al Shabanah OA, al Sawaf HA, al Sohaibani MO, al Bekairi AM. Thymoquinone ameliorates the nephrotoxicity induced by cisplatin in rodents and potentiates its antitumor activity. Can J Physiol Pharmacol. 1997;75(12):1356 61.
Jaeschke H, Knight TR, Bajt ML. The role of oxidant stress and reactive nitrogen species in acetaminophen hepatotoxicity. Toxicol Lett. 2003;144(3):279 88.
Daba MH, Abdel Rahman MS. Hepatoprotective activity of thymoquinone in isolated rat hepatocytes. Toxicol Lett. 1998;95(1):23 9.
Mansour MA, Ginawi OT, El Hadiyah T, El Khatib AS, Al Shabanah OA, Al Sawaf HA. Effects of volatile oil constituents of Nigella sativa on carbon tetrachloride induced hepatotoxicity in mice: evidence for antioxidant effects of thymoquinone. Res Commun Mol Pathol Pharmacol. 2001;110(3 4):239 51.
Ahmed ZA. Protective effect of Nigella sativa oil against CCl4 induced hepatotoxicity in rats. Al Mustansiriyah J Pharm Sci. 2010;8(2):46 55.
Mohideen S, Ilavarasan R, Sasikala E, Thirumalai Kumaran R. Hepatoprotective activity of Nigella Sativa Linn. Indian J Pharm Sci. 2003;65(5):551.
Al Ghamdi MS. Protective effect of Nigella sativa seeds against carbon tetrachloride induced liver damage. Am J Chin Med. 2003;31(5):721 8.
Hassan AS, Ahmed JH, Al Haroon SS. A study of the effect of Nigella sativa (Black seeds) in isoniazid (INH) induced hepatotoxicity in rabbits. Indian J Pharmacol. 2012;44(6):678 82.
Nagi MN, Almakki HA, Sayed Ahmed MM, Al Bekairi AM. Thymoquinone supplementation reverses acetaminophen induced oxidative stress, nitric oxide production and energy decline in mice liver. Food Chem Toxicol. 2010;48(8 9):2361 5.
Kanchana N, Sadiq AM. Hepatoprotective effect of plumbago zeylanica on paracetamol induced liver toxicity in rats. Int J Pharm Pharm Sci. 2011;3(1):15 154.
