Evaluation of anti-inflammatory activity of docosahexaenoic acid on carrageenan induced paw oedema in rats
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18203/2319-2003.ijbcp20201745Keywords:
Docosahexaenoic acid, Carrageenan, Plethysmograph, Alpha-linolenic acid, Anti-inflammatory activityAbstract
Background: Inflammation is a tissue reaction to infection, irritation of foreign substance. It is a part of the host defence mechanism but if in excess it becomes harmful. Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) is omega-3-derivative of alpha-linolenic acid. This study was conducted to determine the anti-inflammatory activity of DHA and its comparison with standard drug diclofenac.
Methods: The study was carried out by using inflammatory models in male albino rats. Rats were divided into 4 groups of 6 animals of each. The anti-inflammatory activity was studied with carrageenan induced rat paw edema. The anti-inflammatory activity of DHA was compared with standard drug diclofenac. The study parameters for acute inflammation was assessment of reduction in inflammation and the percentage inhibition of the paw edema.
Results: DHA 200 mg/kg, DHA 300 mg/kg, and diclofenac 10 mg/kg showed 58%, 64%, and 67% reduction in paw volume, respectively. The DHA showed significant (p<0.05) anti-inflammatory activity in both dosages as compared to control and was dose dependent.
Conclusions: DHA produced dose dependent anti-inflammatory activity which suggest its probable use in the treatment of inflammation.
References
Brunton LL, Chabner BA, Knollmann BC. Goodman and Gilman’s The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics. New York City. The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc; 2011: 959-960.
Dhalendra G, Satapathy T, Roy A. Animal Models for Inflammation: A Review. Asian J Pharm Res. 2013;3(4):207-12.
Horrocks LA, Yeo YK. Health benefits of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). Pharmacol Res. 1999;40(3):211-25.
Docosahexaenoic Acid (DHA): An Ancient Nutrient for the Modern Human Brain Joanne Bradbury, Nutrients. 2011;3:529-54.
Martek Biosciences Corporation (5 April 2007). ‘History of Martek’. Archived from the original on February 5, 2007. Retrieved March 10, 2007.
Guesnet P, Alessandri JM. Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and the developing central nervous system (CNS)-Implications for dietary recommendations. Biochimie. 2011;93(1):7-12.
Docosahexanoic acid (DHA) alternative medicine review volume 14, number 4, 2009.
Winter CA, Risley EA, Nuss GW. Carrageenin-induced edema in hind paw of the rat as an assay for antiinflammatory drugs. Proceedings Society Experimental Biol Med. 1962;111(3):544-7.
Kumari J, Yadav S, Sharma V. Dcosahexaenoic Acid: wonder dietary supplement. Int J Therapeutic Applications. 2012;3:25-31.
Vinegar R, Schreiber W, Hugo R. Biphasic development of carrageenin edema in rats. J Pharmacol Experimental Therap. 1969;166(1):96-103.
Salvemini D, Wang ZQ, Wyatt PS, Bourdon DM, Marino MH, Manning PT, et al. Nitric oxide: a key mediator in the early and late phase of carrageenan‐induced rat paw inflammation. British J Pharmacol. 1996;118(4):829-38.
Nakamura N, Hamazaki T, Kobayashi M, Yazawa K. The effect of oral administration of eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acids on acute inflammation and fatty acid composition in rats. J Nutritional Sci Vitaminol. 1994;40(2):161-70.
Nauroth JM, Liu YC, Van Elswyk M, Bell R, Hall EB, Chung G, et al. Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and docosapentaenoic acid (DPAn-6) algal oils reduce inflammatory mediators in human peripheral mononuclear cells in vitro and paw edema in vivo. Lipids. 2010;45(5):375-84.
Nobre ME, Correia AO, Borges BM, Sampaio TM, Chakraborty SA, Goncalves OD, et al. Eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid exert anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive effects in rodents at low doses. Nutrition Res. 2013;33(5):422-33.
Zhao G, Etherton TD, Martin KR, Heuvel JP, Gillies PJ, West SG, et al. Anti-inflammatory effects of polyunsaturated fatty acids in THP-1 cells. Biochemical Biophysical Res Communications. 2005;336(3):909-17.
Weldon SM, Mullen AC, Loscher CE, Hurley LA, Roche HM. Docosahexaenoic acid induces an anti-inflammatory profile in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated human THP-1 macrophages more effectively than eicosapentaenoic acid. J Nutri Biochem. 2007;18(4):250-8.
