Antidiabetic properties of Solanum villosum and Solanum nigrum var sarrachoides in a streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice model

Authors

  • Samuel Nderitu Nyaga Department of Veterinary Anatomy and Physiology, Egerton University, Njoro
  • Peter Mbaabu Mathiu Department of Veterinary Anatomy and Physiology, University of Nairobi, Nairobi
  • Cecilia Moraa Onyango Department of Plant Science and Crop Protection, University of Nairobi, Nairobi
  • Gerald Otwabe Areba Department of Veterinary Pathology, Microbiology and Parasitology, Egerton University, Njoro

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18203/2319-2003.ijbcp20194774

Keywords:

S. villosum, S. nigrum var sarrachoides, Antidiabetes, Phytochemicals

Abstract

Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) poses immense challenge to the health of people worldwide. Current therapies are limited by cost and adverse effects. Solanum nigrum, a complex of many species in the family Solanaceae has been recorded to be used by many communities in the management of DM. The aim of this study was to evaluate the phytochemical, antidiabetic efficacy and safety of two species, namely; Solanum villosum and S. nigrum var sarrachoides using streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice model.

Methods: Qualitative assessment for phytochemical constituents was carried out. Acute toxicity was conducted based on ‘Organisation of Economic Cooperation and Development’ 2001 guidelines. Diabetes was induced by injection of streptozotocin at a dose of 200 mg/kg body weight intraperitoneal after the mice fasted for 8 hours. Aqueous extracts were administered orally using an oral gavage at doses of 150, and 300 mg/kg body weight for each plant daily and monitored weekly for 28 days.

Results: Both plants contain vital phytochemicals. Flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins, saponins, phenols, and glycosides were present in both plants. However, phytosterols and coumarins were absent in S. villosum. Additionally, both plants did not show toxicity. Both plants showed efficacy with S. nigrum var sarrachoides being more potent at both doses.

Conclusions: The study validates the use of these plants by herbalists and recommends further studies on them with the aim of elucidating the active compounds that can be used as novel therapies for diabetes. Additionally, the study recommends the evaluation of other species in this complex for antidiabetic properties.

Author Biography

Samuel Nderitu Nyaga, Department of Veterinary Anatomy and Physiology, Egerton University, Njoro

Department of Veterinary Anatomy and Physiology

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Published

2019-10-22

How to Cite

Nyaga, S. N., Mathiu, P. M., Onyango, C. M., & Areba, G. O. (2019). Antidiabetic properties of Solanum villosum and Solanum nigrum var sarrachoides in a streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice model. International Journal of Basic & Clinical Pharmacology, 8(11), 2396–2402. https://doi.org/10.18203/2319-2003.ijbcp20194774

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Original Research Articles