The haemato-protective effect of Piliostigma thonningii leaf extract on indomethacin-induced gastric mucosa ulcer in rats

Authors

  • A. A. Asuk Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Cross River University of Technology, Okuku Campus, Nigeria
  • K. Dasofunjo Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Cross River University of Technology, Okuku Campus, Nigeria
  • M. N. Ugwu Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Cross River University of Technology, Okuku Campus, Nigeria
  • F. O. Adie Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Cross River University of Technology, Okuku Campus, Nigeria

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18203/2319-2003.ijbcp20183014

Keywords:

Blood indices, Erythropoiesis, Macrocytosis, Plant extract, Thrombocytopenia

Abstract

Background: Gastric ulcer is a common gastrointestinal disorder with global consequence, which is aggravated by an imbalance between the aggressive factors and factors that maintain the mucosal integrity. The role of Piliostigma thonningii leaf extract on hematological indices of indomethacin-induced gastric mucosa lesions in Wistar rats was examined.

Methods: Thirty-six male rats were divided into six groups of 6 rats each. Group I, the normal control, II gastric ulcerated + cimetidine (standard control), III extract only (100mg/kg bwt), while IV, gastric ulcerated control, V gastric ulcerated + extract (100mg/kg bwt) and VI gastric ulcerated + extract (200mg/kg bwt). After 12 days of administration, gastric ulcer was then induced by oral administration of 40mg/kg bwt indomethacin to rats in groups II, IV, V and VI. The rats were sacrificed 12 hours after indomethacin treatment and blood collected for hematological assay.

Results: The RBC count and Hb pattern were similar. There was a significant (P<0.05) decrease in RBC and Hb of the ulcer control group which was normalized on administration of 200mg/kg bwt of P. thonningii extract. The MCV of the ulcer lesion was significantly (P<0.05) reversed to normal by the extract.

Conclusions: The P. thonningii leaf extract showed promising result by normalizing decreased levels in RBC and Hb caused by ulcer. Except for platelet counts, the WBC count and differential WBC counts were quite positive. It was able to reverse macrocytosis caused by ulcer lesions to normal, hence exhibiting a hemato-protective nature.

References

Srarani P, Jayasia PS, Erhad KP, Nishad KP. Review on natural antiulcer agents. Inter J Pharma and Ind Res. 2011;1(1):67-70.

Gadekar R, Singner PK, Chaurasiya PK, Panar RS, Patu UK. A potential of some medicinal plants as an antiulcer agent. Pharmacogn Rev. 2010;4(8):136-40.

Hunt HR, Ireneus T, Padol YY. Peptic ulcer disease today: nature clinical practice. Gastroenterol Hepatol 2006;3(2):80-5.

Grossman M. Peptic ulcer: A guide for practicing Physicians. Chicago Year book; Medical publication. Amer J Pharm Toxicol. 2009;4(7):89-93.

Malfertheirer P. Current Concept in the management of Helicobacter pylori infection The Maastricht, 2000 consensus Report Alient Pharmacol Ther. 2002;16:167-80.

Blackman JA. Alternative Medicine. Microsoft Encarta. Redmond, W.A: Microsoft Corporation; 2009.

Ighodaro OM, Omole JO. Effects of Nigerian Pilliostigma thonningii species leaf extract on lipid profile in Wistar rats. ISRN Pharmacol. 2012 Sep 6;2012.

Dasofunjo K, Nwodo OFC, Johnson JI, Ukpanukpong RU, Ugwu MN, Odinaka E. Haematopoietic effect of ethanolic leaf extract of Piliostigma thonningii on male albino rat. J Nat Prod Plant Resour. 2013;3(2):1-4

Maroyi A. Traditional use of medicinal plants in south-central Zimbabwe: review and perspectives. J Ethnobiol Ethnomed. 2013;9:31-48.

Chinsembu KC. Ethnobotanical study of plants used in the management of HIV/AIDS-related diseases in Livingstone, Southern Province, Zambia. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2016;2016.

Somasundaram S, Hayllar H, Rafi S, Wrigglesworth JM, Macpherson AJS, Bjarnason I. Review: The Biochemical basis of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug-induced damage to the gastrointestinal tract; a review and a hypothesis. Scand J Gastroenterol. 1995;30:289-99.

Olson H, Betton G, Robinson D, Thomas K, Monro A, Kolaja G, Lilly P, Sanders J, Sipes G, Bracken W, Dorato M, Deun KV, Smith P, Berger B, Heller A. Concordance of toxicity of pharmaceuticals in humans and in animals. Reg Toxicol Pharmacol. 2000;32:56-63.

Spirt MJ. Stress related mucosal diseases, risk factors and prophylactic therapy. Clin Ther. 2004;26(2):197-213.

Spirt MJ, Standley S. Update on stress ulcer prophylaxis in critically ill patients. Critical care Nurse. 2006;26(1):18-22-28.

Koury MJ, Haase V. H. Anaemia in kidney disease: harnessing hypoxia responses for therapy. Nat Rev Nephrol. 2016;11(7):394-410.

Gbore FA, Oginni O, Adewole AM, Aladeran JO. The effects of transportation and handling stress on haematological and plasma biochemistry in fingerlings of Ciarias gariepinus and Tilapia zill. World J Africa Sci. 2006;2(2):208-12.

Arnold DM, Kukaswadia S, Nazi L, Esmail A, Dewar L, Smith JW, et al. A systematic evaluation of laboratory testing for drug- induced immune thrombocytopenia. J Thromb Haemost. 2013;11(1):169-76.

Downloads

Published

2018-07-23

How to Cite

Asuk, A. A., Dasofunjo, K., Ugwu, M. N., & Adie, F. O. (2018). The haemato-protective effect of Piliostigma thonningii leaf extract on indomethacin-induced gastric mucosa ulcer in rats. International Journal of Basic & Clinical Pharmacology, 7(8), 1454–1459. https://doi.org/10.18203/2319-2003.ijbcp20183014

Issue

Section

Original Research Articles